Lub ntsiab siv ntawm ethylene oxide (EO)
Ethylene oxide (EO) yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws cyclic, muaj rau heterocyclic tebchaw, thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb petrochemical khoom. Ethylene oxide yog cov kua tsis muaj kob uas tsis muaj roj kub thiab cov pa roj tsis muaj ntxhiab uas muaj ntxhiab tsw ntawm ether ntawm chav tsev. Lub vapor siab ntawm cov roj yog qhov siab, mus txog 141kpa ntawm 30 degree. Lub vapor siab siab txiav txim siab tias ethylene oxide muaj qhov nkag tau muaj zog thaum lub sij hawm fumigation tshuaj tua kab mob.
Ethylene oxide yog lub cim thib ob ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshuaj lom neeg tom qab formaldehyde. Nws yog tseem yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws cov tshuaj tua kab mob txias thiab cov neeg tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm plaub qhov loj me me, tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias cov roj ntsha, kab mob qis furthordehyde, Ethylene oxide, glutaraldehyde). Piv txwv yog cov kab ke yooj yim, cov kab tsis yog-alkyl ntawm C2h4o thiab qhov hnyav molecular ntawm 44.05.
Ethylene oxide yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tau muaj tshuaj lom uas tau dhau los ua cov pob bactericides. Ethylene oxide yog cov nplaim taws thiab tawg, thiab tsis yooj yim thauj dhau qhov kev ncua deb, yog li nws muaj thaj chaw muaj zog. Nws yog dav siv hauv kev ntxuav, kws tshuaj, luam ntawv thiab dyeing thiab lwm yam lag luam. Nws tuaj yeem raug siv los ua daim pib rau kev ntxuav cov neeg sawv cev hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg.
Ethylene oxide muaj cov nyhuv bactericidal, tsis yog-corrosive mus rau cov roj tsw qab, tuaj yeem siv tshuaj tsw qab), tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kom muaj qhov kub kom tsis muaj menyuam. Xyoo 1938, Asmeskas Chemist Lloyd Hall tau txais cov txuj lom patent rau kev siv cov txuj lom uas siv rau ethylene oxide kom tsis muaj menyuam, thiab hom no tseem siv los ntawm qee tus neeg. Ethylene oxide tseem dav siv rau kev kawm noj tshuaj kho mob xws li cov ntaub qhwv, sutures thiab phais cov cuab yeej.
Nws yog tsuas yog siv los tsim ntau yam cov kuab tshuaj (hluav taws xob, tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tawv thiab cov plees. Hydroxyethylation nrog cellulose tuaj yeem sib zog ua dej-soluble resins (uas cov ntsiab lus ethylene oxide yog kwv yees li 75%). Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua cov fumigant, pleev xim tuab, emulsifier, nplaum thiab cov ntawv sizing tus neeg sawv cev, thiab lwm yam.
Feem ntau, kev sib xyaw ntawm ethylene oxide-carbon dioxide (tus piv ntawm ob yog 90:10) lossis siv tshuaj tua kab mob ib txwm yog siv, uas yog siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm tsev kho mob thiab cov twj paj nruag. Ethylene oxide cov fumigants feem ntau siv rau kev khaws cia ntawm cov nplej thiab khoom noj. Piv txwv li, cov qe qe qhuav feem ntau decomposed los ntawm cov kab mob thaum lub sijhawm cia. Fumigation nrog Ethylene oxide tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov qe qe, suav nrog cov amino acids, tsis cuam tshuam dab tsi.
Ethylene oxide yooj yim reacts nrog acid, yog li nws tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv rau qee yam tshuaj yeeb los ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab lossis siv nws ntev ntev yam tsis muaj acidity. Piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim cov chlorinated butyl roj hmab, yog tias ethylene oxide tau ntxiv rau kev daws teeb meem, cov khoom tiav tuaj yeem dawb ntawm Alkali ntxuav thiab dej ntxuav.
Vim hais tias ethylene oxide yog cov nplaim taws thiab muaj ntau yam ntawm cov pa tawg ntau hauv huab cua, nws qee zaum siv los ua roj av roj av.
Ethylene oxide tuaj yeem tsim lub zog loj dua thaum nws decomposes tau. Nws tuaj yeem raug siv los ua lub zog rau foob pob hluav taws thiab dav hlau. Nws yog feem ntau sib xyaw ntawm nitromethane thiab ethylene oxide (60: 40 - 95: 5). Cov roj sib xyaw no muaj cov khoom siv sib txuas zoo, tsis muaj qhov taw tes khov, cov khoom ruaj khov, thiab tsis yooj yim rau kev puas tsuaj. Feem ntau, kev noj ntawm ethylene oxide rau cov kev siv ncaj qha yog tsawg heev. Ethylene oxide yog qhov khoom lag luam thib ob yog qhov kev lag luam ua rau ethylene, thib ob tsuas yog rau polyethylene. Nws qhov tseem ceeb nta tsuas yog hauv cov khoom lag luam tsim nrog nws ua cov khoom siv raw. Cov hom dej ntws los ntawm Ethylene Oxide nyob deb tshaj li ntau yam ethylene derivatives. Qhov kev toxicity ntawm ethylene oxide yog 27 zaug uas ethylene glycol, uas zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj lom ntawm ammonia. Tsim ntawm formaldehyde, etylene glycol thiab oxalic acid hauv lub cev muaj kev phom sij, thiab cov nyhuv muaj tshuaj lom rau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tes.
Feem ntau ntawm cov ethylene oxide yog siv los ua kom lwm yam tshuaj, feem ntau yog ethylene glycol. Lub ntsiab kawg siv ntawm ethylene glycol yog kev tsim cov polyester polymers, thiab nws kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Thib ob, nws yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv hauv etrees, ethyleneylit, polygyylene glycol, polyoxal cellulose, glyoxal cellulose, glyoxal, ethylene carbonate, thiab lwm yam.
Ethylene oxide yog tsuas yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv glyylene glycol (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluavtaws rau cov khoom siv polyester, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab cov khoom siv glycol. Nws kuj yog siv los tsim cov hnab yas, roj nplua nyeem, roj hmab thiab cov roj hmab. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau daim teb, cov khoom siv tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab, textiles, textiles, tsheb rho tawm, roj tawm, thiab lwm yam.
